Calcium Hypochlorite
Its main component is calcium hypochlorite that exhibits several hydrates, the dihydrate, the trihydrate and the tetrahydrate. The anhydrate releases a great deal of heat (heat of solution = 150 kcal/mol) and nascent oxygen and chlorine when solved in water: Ca …
Calcium Hypochlorite
Hypochlorite. Hypochlorite was the original form of chloride used for the disinfection of drinking water. Known as chloride of lime, calcium hypochlorite (Ca (OCl)2) is a solid …
Process for the manufacture of calcium hypochlorite
In a process {for the manufacture of calcium hypochlorite wherein calcium hydroxide and hypochlorous acid are added to an aqueous medium containing calcium hypochlorite and calcium chloride, the improvement which comprises simultaneously adding in an amount up to 7 percent by weight of said medium a solution containing trom 0.5 to 1.5 ...
Water Handbook
For feeding calcium hypochlorite as a liquid, solutions should be prepared with soft water at 1-2% chlorine concentration. Care should be exercised in storing granular calcium hypochlorite. It should not be stored where it may be subjected to heat or contacted by easily oxidized organic material. Calcium hypochlorite decomposes exothermally ...
(DOC) PRODUCTION OF CALCIUM HYPOCHLORITE
9 Calcium hypochlorite demand in the USA Year Demand (Tons) 1970 42184 1971 45178 1972 48081 1973 51710 1974 55338 1975 65517 2.3.4 Manufacturing process In the past, the standard method was to pass chlorine over beds of slaked lime contained in large chambers, which were arranged in a continually changing sequence so that freshly …
Calcium hypochlorite | Ca(ClO)2 | CID 24504
Calcium hypochlorite | Ca (ClO)2 or CaCl2O2 | CID 24504 - structure, chemical names, physical and chemical properties, classification, patents, literature, biological activities, safety/hazards/toxicity information, …
Carbon mineralization pathways for carbon capture, storage and
Carbon mineralization is a versatile and thermodynamically downhill process that can be harnessed for capturing, storing, and utilizing CO2 to synthesize products with enhanced properties. Here ...
Calcium hypochlorite | Podcast | Chemistry World
The active ingredient in bleaching powder is calcium hypochlorite. This compound dissolves in water to form an alkaline solution containing calcium hydroxide and hypochlorous acid – 'the ...
Chlor-alkali technology: fundamentals, processes and materials …
The purpose of this chapter is to provide an overview of chlor-alkali technology and associated cell separators. After a brief historical review of the chlor-alkali process, the main reaction characteristics (thermodynamics, cell reactions and kinetics) are detailed in Section 9.1. Main chlor-alkali technologies are described in Section 9.2.
Process for production of calcium hypochlorite
A continuous cyclic process for production of calcium hypochlorite wherein an aqueous solution saturated with calcium hypochlorite and sodium chloride is chlorinated by using chlorine gas to produce sodium chloride crystals and an aqueous chlorinated reaction mixture, the formed sodium chloride crystals being then separated from said aqueous …
Water Chlorination/ Chloramination Practices and Principles
the by-products of the disinfection process may be carcinogenic. In spite of this, chlo-rine is expected to remain in wide use. Water disinfection, as now ordinarily considered, involves specialized treatment ... mental form, as a liquefied compressed gas (in commerce); (2) as "high-test calcium hypochlorite"; and (3) as chlorine bleach ...
Process for producing calcium hypochlorite
A continuous integrated process for the production of calcium hypochlorite in which crystals of by-product sodium chloride are more easily separated for the calcium hypochlorite product is described. The process includes: (a) introducing with agitation into a vessel an aqueous slurry of dibasic calcium hypochlorite, sodium hydroxide, and …
Production process of calcium hypochlorite
Views：. At present, there are three main types of calcium hypochlorite production methods, namely, calcium process, sodium process and hypochlorous acid …
Calcium Hypochlorite [Ca(ClO)2]
Calcium hypochlorite reacts with hydrochloric acid, yielding calcium chloride (CaCl 2), water, and chlorine gas (Cl 2). The chemical equation …
Superchlorination
In such circumstances, high concentrations of chlorine are used in a process called superchlorination (or breakpoint chlorination), after which the excess chlorine has to be removed by dechlorination. Chlorine can be provided as a liquid (under pressure), a solid as sodium or calcium hypochlorite salt, or generated electrochemically on-site.
Calcium Hypochlorite Production Cost Analysis Report
Procurement Resource Assessment of Calcium Hypochlorite Production Process: 1. Calcium Hypochlorite Production From Lime and Chlorine Gas: This research describes a comprehensive cost assessment ...
Chlorination for Water Treatment
Calcium hypochlorite (Ca (OCl)2) is available in solid form as: ... This means the preparation of solutions using calcium hypochlorite is a more involved process, as the solution needs to be left to settle and then decanted before using. ... Diagram from WHO showing proper preparation procedure for Calcium Hypochlorite products.
Chlorination / DeChlorination Procedures
Disinfecting Water Mains First standard approved Sept. 30, 1947 Latest revision June 1, 2005 Standards are reviewed every five years. AWWA standards describe minimum …
15 Facts on HCl + CaOCl2: What, How To Balance & FAQs
Energy Profile Diagram for Exothermic Reaction 12. Is HCl + CaOCl 2 a redox reaction? In the reaction between HCl + CaOCl 2 there will be redox reaction mechanism observed when calcium hypochlorite is reacted with hydrochloric acid. Chlorine and oxygen will be oxidized and on the other hand calcium will be reduced along with the acid molecule ...
Advanced Water Treatment Concepts
what other types of disinfection may be employed in the treatment process. Therefore, any discussion of disinfection includes the topic of chlorine, its properties, and its delivery methods. There are three types of chlorination that can be delivered: liquid (sodium hypochlorite/NaOCl), solid (calcium hypochlorite/Ca(ClO) 2), and gas (Cl 2). 1.
Calcium Hypochlorite
Calcium hypochlorite powder contains between 30–35% w/w of chlorine and is transported and stored in sealed drums lined with plastic or rubber. The material can be stored for considerable periods, but once opened it will begin to decay. ... Schematic diagram of a typical on-site sodium hypochlorite process and injection system by the ...
Chlorine Safety: The Rest of the Story
(15 gallons of 0.8% concentration Sodium Hypochlorite) 1/35 lb. of H2 gas produced (5.6 ft3) H2 gas Immediately diluted upon production with air blower 100:1 to reduce H2 to 25% of LFL . NaCl + H. 2. O + 2E = NaOCl + H. 2. On Site Sodium Hypochlorite Generation
How to Use Calcium Hypochlorite for Water Purification
Cal-shock 65 is 65% available chlorine so 1 pound = 0.65 pounds chlorine. 0.65 pounds (10.5oz) chlorine will treat 60,000 gallons of water to an initial residual to 1.3ppm! To treat one gallon to 1.3ppm you would use 0.65/60000= 0.00017oz calcium hypochlorite. 1 ounce will treat about 5700 gallons. These numbers are hard to …
KEY OPERATING STRATEGIES FOR CHLORINE …
Calcium Hypochlorite Calculation 0.5 kg (chlorine gas) ≈ 0.7 kg (calcium hypochlorite) so, 23 kg ≈ an unknown (X) number of kilograms of calcium hypochlorite. To solve this, set up two equations and then "cross-multiply" them as shown below. 0.5 kg = 0.7 kg 23 kg = X kg cross multiplying yields: 0.5X = 16.1 X = 5 . 0 1 . 16 = 32.2 kg ...
Calcium Hypochlorite
Calcium Hypochlorite. Calcium hypochlorite has the molecular formula of Ca (ClO)2 and a molecular weight of 142.974 g/mol. Its CAS number is . Its specific gravity is 1.21 g/cm 3. When dissolved in water, it can provide nascent chlorine and oxygen to sterilize pool water or industrial wastewater.
Chlor Alkali Plant Process| Caustic Soda Plant | Potassium …
1. Energy to prepare and purify the raw materials, mainly the salt (sodium chloride or potassium chloride). 2. Electrical energy used for the electrolysis process itself. 3. Energy (steam) to obtain the caustic soda (or potash) at its commercial concentration. 4.
Papermaking
Papermaking - Bleaching, Washing, Drying: The use of calcium and sodium hypochlorites to bleach paper stock dates from the beginning of the 19th century. In the early days of sulfite pulp manufacture, a single-stage treatment of pulp at low consistency, using calcium hypochlorite (chlorinated lime), satisfied most requirements. This simple bleaching …
Bleaching Powder and Sodium Hydroxide: Preparation, Uses
Bleaching Powder and Sodium Hydroxide are the chemical compounds produced from Common Salt ( Sodium Chloride ). The chemical name for bleaching powder is Calcium Hypochlorite, and the formula is CaO (Cl) 2 . Sodium Hydroxide is commonly referred to as caustic soda, also an inorganic compound used to make soaps, rayon, etc.
Patentamt ê JEuropâisches @ EUROPEAN PATENT …
phosphate are used to reduce the calcium chloride concentration in a process for producing calcium hypochlorite by reacting lime with hypochlorous acid. The process, as described in U.S. Patent No. 3,134,641, issued May 26, 1964, to R. D. Gleichert, is carried out while maintaining the pH of 10 to ... calcium hypochlorite slurries may be ...
11.17 Lime Manufacturing
11.17.1 Process Description 1-5 Lime is the high-temperature product of the calcination of limestone. Although limestone deposits are found in every state, only a small portion is pure enough for industrial lime manufacturing. To be classified as limestone, the rock must contain at least 50 percent calcium carbonate. When the rock contains