What miners need to know about smelter charges
The primary charge is a base treatment charge (or smelter charge) upon the number of dry tonnes of concentrate or ore treated. Assay and price adjustments are made upon the metals paid for as well; assay values of the feed, and associated payments made to the miner, are reduced based upon the percentage of recovered metals the smelter …
Charge Calculations in Pyrometallurgical Processes
Iron ore (80% Fe Slag 35% SiO 20% 45% Reaction: CaCO 3 = CaO + CO 2 Calculate the quantities of concentrate, iron ore and flux in order to smelt 1000 kg of copper ore and obtain a matte grade of 30% Cu and a slag with the composition 35% SiO 2, 20% CaO, 45% FeO Let X be the quantity of Cu concentrate Let Y be the quantity of matte
Quality of copper concentrate impacts smelter emissions
For example, in the Kamoa mine in the DRC nearly 70% of mineralogy consist of the high copper content bornite, covellite and chalcocite. The above-mentioned mineralogy results in concentrate quality at above ~60% copper content. Finally, the copper rich minerals include significantly less iron, which drives a quality challenge at …
Copper processing
The inclusion of small amounts of silicon, phosphorus and sulphur in iron ores or concentrates can have a profound effect on the steel making process and thus on …
Molybdenum Ore Processing by Flotation
This molybdenum flotation circuit, based on 250-500 tons per 24 hours is designed for low-grade molybdenum ore having high-grade streaks and with pyrite-quartz gangue.It is also basically sound for many other friable sulphide ores, such as antimony, silver and even some lead ores. The basic ideas stressed in this moly flotation flowsheet …
Processing of Cobalt-Copper-Arsenic Complex Ore Concentrate
Extraction of cobalt from complex ore flotation concentrates obtained from the Blackbird Mine. Idaho. USA is reviewed. After flotation of a primary copper concentrate, a bulk concentrate is recovered containing major amounts of cobalt, arsenic, and iron, with minor amounts of copper and nickel. This concentrate can be upgraded during flotation …
COPPER Copper production
Generally, copper extraction follows the sequence (see Figure below): 1. Beneficiation by froth flotation of ore to give copper concentrate (Optional partial roasting to obtain oxidized material or calcines) 2. Two-stage pyrometallurgical extraction 1. smelting concentrates to matte 2. converting matte by oxidation to crude (converter or ...
Mineral Processing Solutions
A high-rate thickener dewaters the bulk of copper-moly concentrate before more separation. 5. Moly Flotation ... The disc filter uses vacuum to dewater the magnetite iron ore concentrate and discharges a relatively dry cake, which is sent for pelletizing. ... Mining shovels remove the oil sand and load it into large mining trucks. These trucks ...
Enhanced process route to remove fluorine and uranium from …
This study proposes a selective atmospheric sulfuric acid leaching process route to extract the maximum of fluoride and uranium and a minimum of copper from two …
Electric Smelting Furnace of Ore
Electrode consumption was 4 kilograms per metric ton of material smelted. The Westly furnace, used 3-Phase, 50-cycle alternating current at 112 to 230 volts. The several sizes were of 200- to 900 kw. capacity, and the power consumed in the large furnace was less than 700 kw.-hr. per metric ton of ore smelted.
Copper Mining and Processing: Processing Copper …
The first steps of copper processing are the same for both ores: mining and transporting. Copper mining is usually performed using open-pit mining, in which a series of stepped benches are dug deeper and deeper into the …
Copper Processing | Multotec
Extraction of copper from ore begins with pre-treatment. Due to the decreasing concentration of copper in ores, this is an important step to decrease the volume of material and to increase the grade of copper in the ore. Most copper ores will only contain a small percentage of copper mineral, with the average grade being below 0.6% copper.
Mineral Concentrate Marketing
Such products usually consist principally of iron sulphides and may be classified as iron concentrates. BASE METAL CONCENTRATE Marketing. In addition to iron, the important concentrates normally shipped to smelting plants are those of lead, copper, and zinc, so these four are the principal ones in which the average producer is …
A Review of the Comprehensive Recovery of Valuable Elements from Copper
Copper smelting open-circuit (CSO) dust contains various valuable metals, such as copper, lead, and zinc, as well as undesirable toxic elements such as arsenic. Thus, the comprehensive recovery of valuable elements from CSO dust is highly significant from both economic and environmental perspectives. In this review, …
REMOVING IMPURITIES FROM IRON ORES: METHODS …
The purpose of iron concentrators is to remove deleterious impurities and also to increase iron grades to an appropriate level suitable for steel making. This paper discusses about …
Simultaneous extraction of copper and iron from chalcopyrite …
The present investigation explored the dissolution of copper and iron from chalcopyrite ore in a chloride medium using Cl 2 gas. The effect of various leaching …
Extraction of metals from complex sulfide nickel
The recovery of valuable metals from complex sulfide concentrates was investigated via chlorination roasting followed by water leaching. A reaction process is proposed on the basis of previous studies and the results of our preliminary experiments. During the process, various process parameters were studied, including the roasting …
Minerals | Free Full-Text | A Comprehensive Recovery Process …
A comprehensive recovery process for the selective separation and enrichment of copper, zinc and iron minerals from a polymetallic ore was developed, which consisted of copper flotation, zinc flotation, and iron magnetic separation, and the adsorption mechanism of the copper collector Z-200 (O-isopropyl-N-ethyl …
Definition, Methods of Separation, Examples
The ore is first finely processed before being conveyed on a conveyor belt that passes over a magnetic roller. The magnetic ore stays on the belt, while the gangue slides off. By eliminating non-magnetic impurities, this process is utilised to concentrate magnetic ores of iron such as magnetite and chromite and manganese (pyrolusite).
Mixed Copper and Gold Ore Concentrates Processing
The copper concentrate is smelted to remove any remaining impurities and produce pure copper. ... This is a type of bacterium that can oxidize ferrous iron in the ore, releasing gold particles ...
Phase Transformation of Impurity Elements and High
Pyrometallurgical copper smelting is mainly used to treat various copper concentrates and scrap copper of copper sulfide ore, while hydrometallurgical …
OPTIONS FOR REMOVING ARSENIC AND TALC FROM A …
The option to leach iron from low grade copper concentrates could reduce transport costs and significantly improve the saleability of the concentrate. In addition, it reduces smelting costs and can remove undesirable
(PDF) Processing of Complex Materials in the Copper Industry
copper ore grade of this group is only 0.76% copper, ... removing more iron sulfides and non-sulfide gangue. ... and a high-arsenic copper concentrate. Either way,
Processing of Complex Materials in the Copper Industry
Copper Content in Ores and Concentrates. A global copper mine-by-mine review undertaken by ICSG found that the global average copper ore grade was as low as 0.45% copper in reported reserves and only 0.65% copper in 2015 copper mine production. Global weighted average of copper concentrate output in a large sample of …
Enhanced process route to remove fluorine and uranium from copper
The main Cu-bearing mineral in copper concentrates consumed in smelters around the world is chalcopyrite (CuFeS 2).Minor participation in this consumption is copper concentrates containing secondary copper minerals, such as chalcocite (Cu 2 S) and bornite (Cu 5 FeS 4).The main issues concerning these copper concentrates are the …
A Review of the Recovery of Gold and Silver From Copper Ores …
November 2020. Diego Medina. Corby G Anderson. Globally, copper, silver, and gold ore body grades have been dropping, and the mineralogy surrounding them has become more diversified and complex ...
Copper Enrichment in Solid with Selective Reverse Leaching
As a result of increasing copper consumption in the world, the cut-off grade of copper ore deposits has significantly decreased in the last 40 years, so that shipping costs for low-grade copper ores (less than 2% Cu) ... Selective iron removal from chalcopyrite concentrate, based on the dissolution difference between copper oxalate …
Thermodynamic interaction and iron passivation mechanism of copper
Copper–cobalt sulfide flotation concentrate received from Comika Mining Kamoya project in Congo contains around 24.2% copper, 7.1% cobalt, 22.9% sulfur, 13% iron, and a small amount of other metals. Under the condition of temperature 190 °C, oxygen partial pressure 6 atm, leaching time 2 h, liquid-to-solid ratio 5:1, and initial …
Full article: The Direct Leaching of Nickel Sulfide Flotation
Following on from the first iron removal stage, copper is recovered from the solution via solvent extraction ... The original patent for the Albion Process TM covered the ultra-fine grinding of base metal sulfide concentrate or ore to a P 80 of 20 µm or less followed by leaching in a sulfuric acid medium containing dissolved ferric and ...
Copper Concentrate
Copper concentrate is a product of the copper mining and processing industry, which contains high-grade copper and other valuable metals. This topic covers various aspects of copper concentrate, such as its properties, applications, markets, and environmental issues. Learn more about the challenges and opportunities of copper concentrate …